Machine for making metal screws



(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 1.

E. HORTON.

MACHINE FOR MAKING METAL SGREWS.

No. 379, Patented Mar. 20, 1888.

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E. HORTON.

MACHINE POR MAKING METAL SGRBWS. No. 379,577. Patented Mar. 20, 1888.

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(No Moden) 8 Sheets-Sheet 3. E. HORTON.

MAGHINE FOR MAKING METAL SGRBWS.

Patented Mar. 20, 1888.

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-81160194.

B. HORTON.

MAGHINE FOR MAKING METAL SGREWS.

No. 379,577. Patented Mar. Z0, 1888.

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(No Model.) s sheets-sheet 5; E. HORTON.

MACHINE POR MAKING METAL SGRBWS.

No. 379,577. Patented Mar. 20, 1888.

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'(No Model.) s sheets-sheet 6.

lE HORTON.

MACHINE POR MAKING METAL SGREWS. No.. 379,577. Patented Mar. 20, 1888.

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E. HO'RTON.

Y MACHINE FOR MAKING METAL SGREWS. No. 379,577.

Patented Mar. 20, 1888.

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Mmmm" "n llli (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 8.

E. HORTON.

MACHINE FOR MAKING METAL SGREWS.

No. 379,577. Patented Mar. 20,1888.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEETCE.

EVERETT HORTON, OF BRISTOL, CONNECTICUT.

MACHINE FOR MAKINO METAL SCREWS.

SPECIFICATION arming part of Letters Patent No. 379,577, dated March 20, 1888.

Application filed JulvBO, 1886. Serial No. 209,509. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, EVERETT HoRToN, re siding at Bristol, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Antomatic Machines for Making Screws -and other Turned Vork; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, reference being had to the accompany` ing drawings, which form a part of this speciu lcation.

My invention relates to au improvement in automatic machinery for making screws and other work which may be turned vfrom wire rods, the object being to producea machine of reliable, precise, and eiiicient operation adapted to be adjusted for a very wide range of work and having a large capacity for production.

\Vith these ends in view my invention consists in ce1 tain details of construction and combinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed ont in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a plan view of a machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a view in vertical longitudinal section on the line a a ofthe preceding figure and looking in the direction of the arrows b b. Fig. 3 is a similar enlarged view of the spindle and the mechanisms associated with it. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view, partly in transverse section and partly in elevation, on the linecc of Fig. 1,looking in the direction ofthe arrows d d, and showing the cutting'otl' tool, one of the forming-tools,theircarriage,and the means for actuating it. Fig. 5 is a similar View on the line e e of Fig. l, looking in the same direction,and showing the toolcarriage and the connections for reciprocating it. Fig. 6 is a similar view on the line ff'of the same figure, looking in the direction ofthe arrows g g,and showing the ends of the fool-slides. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section on the line It h of Fig. 6, looking in the direction of the arrows 'i i. Fig. 8 is a transverse section on the linejj of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows k k, and showing the mechanism for locking the tool-carriage at the end of each of its forward movements. Fig. 9 is a detached view in central longitudinal section of the rear sleeve of the feeding mechanism. Fig. 10 isa view of the disk spring of such mechanism in front elevation. Fig. 1l is a detached view of the jointed chuck-closing levers. Fig. 12 is a detached sectional view of the adjustable sleeve. Fig. 13 is an enlarged view in side elevation of the cam and lever connections for advancing and retiring the too1-slides. Fig. 14 is a broken sectional view of the peripheral cam shown in the preceding ligure. Fig. l5 is a sectional view showing the driving wheel and its automatic safety friction-stop, and Fig. 16 is a detached view in central section of one of the loose pulleys for rotating the spindle.

Stock in the form of wire rods is fed into the machine through a sleeve, A, mounted so as to rotate and reciprocate in a bearing, B, secured to a horizontal arm, l, and provided at lits rear end with a collar, D, and at its forward end with a circular eXteriorly-threaded Harige, E, having in its forward face a recess, F, receiving a spring-disk, G, heldin place by a knurled cap, II, screwing onto the said collar, the said disk having a central aperture, I, and radially slotted to form a circular series of spring arms, J, engaging with the rod which passes through the aperture. A spiral spring, K, interposed between the bearing B and the ange E, permits the sleeve to yield and retire when the rod is pushed hack by the gaging mechanism, as will be hereinafter set forth.

In line with and in front of the parts described is another' sleeve, L, having a collar, M, flange N, spring O, cap P, and spiral spring Q, the said parts corresponding in con struction to the parts above mentioned, and mounted in a bearing, R, located upon a slide, S, reciprocated upon the said arm C through a lever, T, fulcrumed upon a slide. U, located upon an arm,V, and actuated by adouble cam mounted upon the driving-shaft WV and composed of two grooved disks,X X, each having a cam-block, Y, provided with a stem, Z, and a circular series of holes, A, through which the said blocks are shifted.

In front of and in line with the sleeve last mentioned is a-spindle, B', inclosing a tube, C', and journaled in two twopart boxes, D D', mounted in the uprights E E,the rear box carrying an adjustable step, F, provided with a check-nut, G', and impingingv against the rear end of the spindle and taking up end play therein. The said spindle is intermit- IOO tently rotated in opposite directions by means of pulleys H' H', loosely mounted upon it and respectively belted for opposite rotation. These pulleys are alternatelycoupled with the spindle by means of a key, N', having straightsided ends O and wedgeshaped portions P P', as shown. Such key is secured to a spline, Q', located in a slot, R', in the spindle, and to a grooved disk, S', rotating with the spindle, and reciprocated by the forked ends of a lever, T', fulcrumed lat U', and actuated by a double cam, V', mounted on. the driving-shaft W and made like the cam previously described. The opposite ends of the said key extend between the adjacent ends of sectional hardened-steel rings M' M', surrounding the spindle and respectively located in circular recesses l' yI', formed in the inner faces of the pulleys H' H', the outer walls or edges of such recesses being beveled. Each of the said pulleys is, provided with a sectional brassring, J', located in itsrecess, and having a beveled outer edge bearing u ponthe outer wall thereof, the two beveled surfaces adapting the ring to be forced toward: or into the bottom of the recess and thus contracted. For this purpose the recess is made of sufficient depth to permit a lateral adjustment of the brass ring, which, it may here be noted, is normallyl outofcontact with the hardened-steel .ring surrounded by it. Each pulley'is also provided with an annular plate, K', secured to its inner face and holding the brassV ring in place and carrying screws, L' L', impinging against such ring and operating,when turned inward, to force it into or toward the bottomv of its recess, as described, and so contract it, whereby provisionv is made for compensating for wear between the brass and steel rings and for regulating their coupling action. Normally, as before explained, the brass and steel rings ofthe. respective pulleys are free from each other, and the pulleys and brassy ringsrotate freely upon the spindle and around the steel rings. When, however, in the reciprocation of the key its wedge-shaped portions are entered between the ends of the` steel rings, the same are eX- pandedl into the brass rings, whereby the pulleys and spindle are coupled together. The coupling so secured is broken as soon as the wedgefshaped portions of the key are retracted from the steel rings, from which, however, the straight-sided ends of the key are never entirely disengaged.

Twol jointed levers, W' W', are located in elongated slots X'X', formed toward the forward end and upon opposite sides of the spindle, the rear ends of such levers being supported upon an incline, Y', as. shown. The fulcra of these levers are just above the line of the spindle, beyond: which they normally project and into which they are forced for their extension by a ring, Z', having a hardened beveled ring, A2, set into it and provided with a groove, B2, receiving the forked end G2 of a lever, D2, fulcrumed on a stud, E2, and actuated by a double cam, F2, mounted upon `the driving-shaft W and made like the cams previously described. The forward ends of the said jointed levers rest in a groove, G2, formed in the rear end of an adjustable sleeve composed of the parts H2 and I2, and forming an extension of the forward end of the tube C', located within the spindle. The forward end of the said adjustable sleeve impinges against the rear end of the split body J2 of the chuck, the forward end of such body being beveled to conform to the contracted opening of the shell K2 of the chuck, and the said shell being v screwed in to the extreme forward end of the spindle and provided with abrass gib, L2, and screw M2, for locking it in any desired adj ustment thereon. When the jointed levers are forced into thespindle,they are nearly straightened and extended, and push forward the adjustable sleeve and the split body of the chuck, whereby the forward end of the latter is drawn together andthe chuck closed by the contracting walls of the shell. When theV ring A2 is moved out of rangeof the levers, the'same, having their fulcra located outside of the line of the pressure upon their ends, are contracted or thrown out by the split body of the chuck` Vwhichv springs back and openswhen relieved of forward pressure.

A cutting-off tool, N2, and a forming-tool, O2, located in front, on opposite sidesof and at right angles with the chuck, are respectively mounted in posts P2 P2, adapted to be adjusted inthe direction ofthe spindle inblocks Q2 Q2, mounted in a carriage, R2, adapted to be reciprocated transversely or at right angles` with the spindleupon abcd. S2, longitudinally adjustable upon. a slide, T2, secured to the frame U2 of the machine, the said carriage being advanced by a clearance-cam, V2, and a cutting-off cam, W2, co-operating with acamfaced block, X2, secured to the said carriage and retracted by a formi-ngcam, Y2, and a clearance-cam, Z2, respectively co-operating with blocks A3 and B2, adjustably secured to an adjustable slide, Ci, located upon a horizontal arm, D2, extending laterally from the carriage, the said cams V2, W2, Y2, and Z2 be ingmounted upon the driving-shaft of themachi-ne. In front of the carriage described and in line with the spindle is located the toolcarriage E2, secured to a slide, F3, mounted for transverse reciprocation upon a carriage, G3, itself mounted for longitudinal reciprocation upon the slide T2, before mentioned. As herein shown, the said tool carriage carries three parallel square slides, H3 I3 J3, adapted to be reciprocated in line with the spindle and respectively provided with a gage, K3, a mill, L3, and a die, M3, the opposite ends of the slides being provided with depending arms NS, each furnished at its lower end with an anti-friction roll, O3, as shown.

The carriage is advanced step by stepr in three movements by a cam having the faces P3, Q3, and R3, and composed of two parts, S3 and T3, tongued and grooved together, and the latter being adjustable on the former through aseg- IOO mental slot, U3, and a bolt, V3, and the former being secured to the driving-shaft, the said f'aces of the cam engaging with an anti friction roll, W, carried by the carriage, which is retracted by a cani, X, also mounted upon the driving-shaft WV and cooperating with an adjustable block, Y,monnted upon a horizontal arm, Z, extending laterally from the said carriage. The tool-carrying slides H3 I3 J3 are independently advanced and retired in line with theI spindle by a transverse frame, A*,'

andan upright arm, B", respectively located on opposite sides of the rolls OiS and secured to a slide, 0*, mounted for longitudinal reciprocation upon a carriage, D*, mounted for similar movement upon the slide TIl ofthe machine. The slide C* is-reeiprocaied forindependently advancing and retiringthe tool-carrying slides through a lever, Ei, connected with the slide through a bolt, Ft, and fulcrumed to an upright stud, Gf, carried by the carriage D*, the lever being provided at its opposite or lower end with a lateral extension. tI*, to which are se` cured two nprights, l" audJ, carrying antifriction rolls K*, through which the lever is actuated. the roll of the upright I* being engaged for advancing the slide (1*, and hence the tool-carrying slides, by the three peripheral cams L, mounted on spindles M*, entering the periphery of a collar, N*, adjustably secured tothe shaft XV, while the roll of the upright- .Iis engaged for retracting the slide 0*, and hence the toolcarrying slides, by the three cam-blocks 0*, adj ustably secured to the face of a collar, P*, mounted upon the s'aid driving-shaft and provided with a circular series ofholes, through which the said blocks are shifted. There being three each of the cams L* and O*,the slide O'is advanced and retracted three times, or once for each of the tool-carrying slides, during each rotation of the drivingshaft.

The tool-carriage E is locked against lateral movement during the advancement and retraction of the respective tool carrying slides by a locking-arm, R*, provided upon its under face with a finger, S*, entering notches T* formed in a plate, U*, secured to the carriage, the said arm being i'ulerunied upon a stud,V*, carried by the carriage G3 and actuated in the lifting ofthe finger out of the notches T* by a tripper or collar, \V*, mounted upon the driving-shaft XV and provided with pins X*, located in its periphery and engaging with a pin, YJ, carried by the lever, which is normally depressed upon the plate S* by a spring, Z", secured to the said carriage, as shown.

The said driving shaft lV carries a gearwheel, A5, connected with clutch mechanism B5 and meshinginto a worm-gear, G5, mounted on a shaft, D5, carrying the driving-pulley E5, frictionaily secured to the shaft between paper friction-disl'ts F5, through which and the collar G5 the pulley is coupled to the shaft under just suliieient friction to drive the machine, which is stoppedand saved from injury when anything breaks or impedes it by the slipping` ofthe pulley upon the shaft.

Having described my invention in detail, I will no w proceed to set -forth the method of its operation.

Let it be assumed that the machine has been properly timed,that a rodhas been fed through the spindle, and that a screw or whatever other article the machine has been set to produce has just been eut from its forward end. Under the conditions named the next action of the machine is to move the disk-spring O away from the adjacent end of the spindle. In doing this the spring slides on the rod; lout whrn the spring is moved forward it seizes the rod with a positive grip and feeds it through the spindle and chuck, the latter being open and the tool-carriage being at this time locked in its retracted position adjacent to the driving-shaft, with its gage Ki" directly in front of the projecting forward cud of the rod. At this time also the arm B* is located directly behind the roll O, carried at the lower end of the arm N of the slide H, carrying the said gage. The slide 0*, carrying the arm B*, is now moved forward through its connections with the driving-shaft, and through the said arm moves the slide H, whereby the gage carried by the same pushes back the rod and leaves it in exactly the right position, the springs K and Q retiring as the rod is pushed back, to prevent it from being forced back through the springs, with the effect of impairing their grip upon it. A* has been moved, through its connections with the drivingshal-t, over the jointed levers NV V, gradually forcing the saine into the slots X X, whereby the levers are extended and push forward the adjustable sleeve, (composed of the parts H* and 12,) which in turn pushes forward the split body J2 of the chuck into the chuck-shell K, secured to the spindle, which is not longitudinally movable. This operates to close the forward end of the split body J2, which bites the rod and holds it firmly immediately after the gage has done its work. Meanwhile the gage and its slide have been retracted through the frame A*ofthe slide 0*, the latter being moved back through its connections with the driving-shaft. The toolcarriage E is now unlocked by flic actuation of the locking-arm R" by the pinsS*in the tripper or collar "*and ad vaneed to bring its mill Li in line with the work and locked in this position. This leaves the rear end of the slide I3, carrying this fool, in front of the arm B*, which in the actuation ofthe slide C* now moves the tool-slide forward and the mill 011 to the work. Meanwhile the forming-tool O? is also brought up to the work by the retraction of the carriage R2 by the forming-cam Y, so that they operate together and co-operate to support the work each for the other. This work donc, the mill is retired by the retraction o`f the slide l through the frame A*, the slide 6*, and the operative connections of the Meanwhile the ring IOS latter, while the carriage R2 is advanced by the clearance-cam V2 to move the cutting-off tool N'A out of the way of the die N3. The toolcarriage is now unlocked again by the lifting of the locking-arm R4 by the pins S4 in the collar W4 and advanced by the face R3 of the sectional cam to bring the vdie M3 in line with the work and the rear end of the slide J3 in line with the arm B4 of the slide C, the carriage being also locked in this position. The die is then advanced to the work through its slide J3, the arm B", the slide C4, and the connections of the latter, and after it has done its work it is retired by the frame A4 and the said slide C4, as above described. rIhe cutting-off cam W2 now advances the carriage R3 to bring the cutting-off tool N2 into play for cutting oft' the work. Meanwhile the retracting-cam X3 is operating to draw back the tool-carriage to its retracted position near the driving-shaft,in-

which its gage is in line with the rod After the cutting-off tool has done its Work, the

A carriage R3 is retracted by the clearance-cam ZZ to move the forming-tool out of the way of the gage K3. Through its connections with the driving-shaft the ring A3 is now moved to one side of the joined levers WV W', which, having their fulcra outside of the line of pressure upon their ends, are at once thrown out and virtually shortened by the recoil of the split body Y2 of the chuck, the same releasing its grip upon the rod, which is again fed forward, pushed back by the gage, gripped by the chuck, and so on through the operations just above detailed. Special mention of the reversal of the spindle through the frictionclutch has not been made. The times for such reversals will depend4 upon the work being done.

lt is to be noted particularly of this machine that the feed is positive and reliable, that the cutting-tools are solidly supported and operate with superior precision, and that the niachine is in every particular constructed to be adjusted for securing a wide range of work and perfect timing of the parts. The cuttingtools employed will of course be selected with reference to the work to be donc.

I would have it understood thatl do not limit myself to the exact construction and arrangement of parts herein shown and described, but hold myself at liberty to make such changes and alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

Having fully described my invention,what[ claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In an automaticturning-machine, adiskspring having a central opening and radially slotted to form spring-arms for engagement with stock fed through such opening, substantially as set forth.

2. ln an automat-ic turning-machine, a diskspring having a central opening and radially slotted to form spring-arms for engagement with stock fed through such opening, a casing for such spring, and a cap for the casing, substanti ally as set forth.

8. ln an automatic turning-machine, a diskspring having a central opening and radial slots entering the same, a movable support for such spring, a spring fo'r holding such support in place, and gaging mechanism for gaging the stock afterit has been fed forward through the spring, substantially as set forth.

4. The combinatiomwitha loose pulleyhaving a beveled recess in one of its faces, of a beveled sectional ring located in such recess and means for adjusting such ring laterally in its recess for contracting it, substantially as set forth.

5. The combinatioinwirh a loose pulley having a recess in one of its faces, of twol concentric rings located in such recess and means for expanding the inner ring into the outer ring, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination,with a loose pulley having a beveled recess in one of its faces,of a beveled sectional ring located in such recess, a sectional ring located within the said beveled ring, and a key for expanding the inner ring into the outer ring, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination,with a loose pulley having a recess in one of its faces,of a beveled sectional ring located in such` recess, means for laterally adjust-ing such ring in the recess to contract it, a sectional ring located within the said beveled ring, and akey for expanding the inner ring into the outer ring, substantially as set forth..

8. The eombi-naton,with a loose pulley having a beveled recess in one of its faces, ofa bev-A eled sectional ring located in such recess, a sectional ring located within the beveled ring, an annular plate secured tothe pulley over thc recess therein and carrying sere ws for laterally adjusting the beveled ring for contracting it,and means for expanding the inner ring into the outer ring, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination,with a loosel pulley having a recess in one of its faces, of a sectional ring located in such recess and a key having a straight-sided end and a wedge-shaped-portion for expanding such ring, substantially as set forth.

10. In an automatic turning-machine, the combination, with a spindle, ot'jointed chuckclosing levers located in slots therein and having theirrear ends supported upon an incline, a sleeve having its rear end grooved to receive the forward ends of the levers and its forward end threaded, a chuck having a split body internally threaded at its rear end to receive the threaded forward end of the sleeve, and means for straightening the levers to close the chuck, substantially as set forth.

11. l`n an automatic turning-machine, the combination, with a spindle and feeding mechanism, of a carriage located at the forward end of the spindle and reciprocating at a right angle thereto, two tools located in such carriage, adjustable cam-blocks carried by the IlO IZO

carriage at one end thereof, and an adjustable operating and clearance cam for each tool located upon a rotary shaft and between the said cam-blocks, substantially as set forth.

12. In an automatic turning-machine, the combination, with a spindle and feeding mechanism, of a toolcarriage reciprocating at a right angle to the spindle, tool-slides mounted in said carriage, means for moving the carriage step by step to successively bring its different slides in position for operation, and a reciprocating slide for independently advancing each of the tool-slides, substantially as set forth.

13. In an automatic turning-maohine, the combination, with aspindle and feeding mechanism, of a tool-carriage reciprocating at a right angle to the spindle, tool-slides mounted in said carriage, means for moving the carriage step by step to successively bring its different slides into position for operation, and a reciprocating arm and frame cooperating to independently advance and retire the toolslides, substantially as set forth.

14. In an automatic turning-machine, the combination, With a spindle and feeding mechanism, of a tool-carriage, tool-slides mounted in said carriage, means for independently advancing and retiring them, and an adjustable cam for moving the carriage step by step, and consisting of two parts tongued or grooved together and adjustable through a segmented slot and bolt, substantially as set forth.

15. In an automatic turning-machine, the

combination, with aspindle and feeding mechanism, of a tool-carriage, tool-slides mounted in such carriage, means for independently advancing and retiring them and for advancing the carriage step by step to bring them into position, anda lockingarm engaging with the carriage and operated by a trippcr and a spring, substantially as set forth.

16. In an automatic turning-machine, the combination, with a spindle and feeding mechanism, of a toolcarriage, tool-sli les mounted therein and provided with tools and depending arms, means for advancing the carriage step by step to bring the slides into position, a slide carrying a frame and an arm respectively located on opposite sides of the depending arms of the tool-slides, and means for advancing and retiring such slide for each of the tool-slides, substantially as set forth.

17. In an automatic turning-machine, the combination, with a spindle and feeding mechanism, of cutting-tools and means for operating them, driving-connections, and adjustable friction-disks coupling such connections with the machine and forming an automatic safetystop therefor, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EVERETT HOR'ION.

Vitnesses:

JOSEPH R. FORD, E. H. RoGnRs. 

